Angular correction and complications of proximal first metatarsal osteotomies for hallux valgus deformity

Purpose Proximal first metatarsal osteotomies are recommended for the surgical treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity. This study aimed to compare correction of intermetatarsal and hallux valgus angles and complications of proximal crescentic, Ludloff, proximal opening wedge, proximal closing wedge, proximal chevron and other proximal first metatarsal osteotomies. Methods A systematic search for the keywords "(bunion OR hallux) AND (proximal OR crescentic OR basilar OR opening OR closing OR shelf OR Ludloff) AND osteotomy" in the online databases MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was performed. Results There was a mean correction of hallux valgus angle of 20.1 degrees [confidence interval (CI) 18.7-21.4] and of intermetatarsal angle of 8.1 degrees (CI 7.7-8.9). The overall complication rate reached 18.7 %. Conclusions The results of this study reveal higher corrective power of proximal osteotomies compared to meta-analysis data on diaphyseal osteotomies.