Exosomes and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Bench to Bedside
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Sasaki, Reina
[1
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Kanda, Tatsuo
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Nihon Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol,Itabashi Ku, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamicho, Tokyo 1738610, JapanChiba Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Gastroenterol & Nephrol, Chuo Ku, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 2608670, Japan
Kanda, Tatsuo
[2
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Yokosuka, Osamu
[1
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Kato, Naoya
[1
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Matsuoka, Shunichi
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Nihon Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol,Itabashi Ku, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamicho, Tokyo 1738610, JapanChiba Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Gastroenterol & Nephrol, Chuo Ku, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 2608670, Japan
Matsuoka, Shunichi
[2
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Moriyama, Mitsuhiko
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Nihon Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol,Itabashi Ku, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamicho, Tokyo 1738610, JapanChiba Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Gastroenterol & Nephrol, Chuo Ku, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 2608670, Japan
Moriyama, Mitsuhiko
[2
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[1] Chiba Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Gastroenterol & Nephrol, Chuo Ku, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 2608670, Japan
[2] Nihon Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol,Itabashi Ku, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamicho, Tokyo 1738610, Japan
As hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually occurs in the background of cirrhosis, which is an end-stage form of liver diseases, treatment options for advanced HCC are limited, due to poor liver function. The exosome is a nanometer-sized membrane vesicle structure that originates from the endosome. Exosome-mediated transfer of proteins, DNAs and various forms of RNA, such as microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA), contributes to the development of HCC. Exosomes mediate communication between both HCC and non-HCC cells involved in tumor-associated cells, and several molecules are implicated in exosome biogenesis. Exosomes may be potential diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage HCC. Exosomal proteins, miRNAs and lncRNAs could provide new biomarker information for HCC. Exosomes are also potential targets for the treatment of HCC. Notably, further efforts are required in this field. We reviewed recent literature and demonstrated how useful exosomes are for diagnosing patients with HCC, treating patients with HCC and predicting the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Ningbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Ningbo 2 Hosp, Dept Infect & Hepatol, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R ChinaNingbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Hu, Mengyuan
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Li, Xue
Jiang, Zhenluo
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Ningbo 2 Hosp, Dept Emergency, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R ChinaNingbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Jiang, Zhenluo
Xia, Qing
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Ningbo 2 Hosp, Dept Hepatopancreatobiliary Surg, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R ChinaNingbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Xia, Qing
Hu, Yaoren
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Ningbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Ningbo 2 Hosp, Dept Infect & Hepatol, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R China
Key Lab Diag & Treatment Digest Syst Tumors Zhejia, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R ChinaNingbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Hu, Yaoren
Guo, Junming
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Ningbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Ningbo Univ, Med Sch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Ningbo Univ, Med Sch, Zhejiang Key Lab Pathophysiol, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R ChinaNingbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Guo, Junming
Fu, Liyun
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Ningbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
Ningbo 2 Hosp, Dept Infect & Hepatol, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R China
Wenzhou Med Univ, Wenzhou 325035, Peoples R China
Key Lab Diag & Treatment Digest Syst Tumors Zhejia, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R China
Ningbo Clin Res Ctr Digest Syst Tumors, Ningbo 315010, Peoples R ChinaNingbo Univ, Sch Med, Ningbo 315211, Peoples R China
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Univ Milan, Div Gastroenterol 1, Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, AM & A Migliavacca Ctr Liver Dis,Dept Med, I-20122 Milan, ItalyUniv Milan, Div Gastroenterol 1, Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, AM & A Migliavacca Ctr Liver Dis,Dept Med, I-20122 Milan, Italy
Aghemo, Alessio
Colombo, Massimo
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Univ Milan, Div Gastroenterol 1, Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, AM & A Migliavacca Ctr Liver Dis,Dept Med, I-20122 Milan, ItalyUniv Milan, Div Gastroenterol 1, Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, AM & A Migliavacca Ctr Liver Dis,Dept Med, I-20122 Milan, Italy
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Ist Sci San Raffaele, Div Immunol Transplantat & Infect Dis, Milan 20132, ItalyIst Sci San Raffaele, Div Immunol Transplantat & Infect Dis, Milan 20132, Italy
Siracusano, Gabriel
Tagliamonte, Maria
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Ist Nazl Studio & Cura Tumori IRCCS, Fdn Pascale, Canc Immunoregulat Unit, Naples 80131, ItalyIst Sci San Raffaele, Div Immunol Transplantat & Infect Dis, Milan 20132, Italy
Tagliamonte, Maria
Buonaguro, Luigi
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Ist Nazl Studio & Cura Tumori IRCCS, Fdn Pascale, Canc Immunoregulat Unit, Naples 80131, ItalyIst Sci San Raffaele, Div Immunol Transplantat & Infect Dis, Milan 20132, Italy
Buonaguro, Luigi
Lopalco, Lucia
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Ist Sci San Raffaele, Div Immunol Transplantat & Infect Dis, Milan 20132, ItalyIst Sci San Raffaele, Div Immunol Transplantat & Infect Dis, Milan 20132, Italy