The Preparation of Barium Stannate Titanate Ceramics via Solid State Reaction Method

In this work, the optimum conditions for the preparation of barium stannate titanate (Ba(Sn0.05Ti0.95)O-3; BST5) ceramics by solid state reaction method were investigated. The samples were heated at calcination temperatures from 600 to 1200 degrees C for 4 h and sintering temperatures from 1250 to 1400 degrees C for 2 h. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to evaluate the optimum conditions for calcination. The phase formation was carried out by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The microstructure was studied by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that, a high purity of perovskite powders were obtained with a calcinations temperature at 1200 degrees C. The percent of the perovskite phase and lattice parameter a were increased by increasing the calcination temperatures. The average particle size was increased from 0.6 to 1.0 mu m when increasing the calcination temperatures from 600 to 1200 degrees C. A pure cubic perovskite phase was found in all the sintered samples. The average grain size is in the range of 1.2 to 43.3 mu m when increasing of sintering temperatures from 1250 to 1400 degrees C. The maximum of density and dielectric constant was observed in a 1400 degrees C sintered pellet.