Innovation and Perfection of Chinese Competitive Sports Management System: Principles and Strategies

The literature method, comparative law, logic analysis research methods are applied to explore the principles and strategies of innovation and perfection of China's whole nation system, designed to create a new whole nation system through reform, and make it more in line with the facts, escort for the healthy and rapid development of Chinese competitive sports. The study results show that to perfect the whole nation system should grasp the following four principles: balance an appropriate degree between competitive sports scores and foundational reform system; balance the relationship between national needs and individual needs; balance an independent space and mutual penetration between national macro-control, market economic forces and social self-organizing forces; balance the relationship between advantageous and weak events, between Olympic and non-Olympic events, and accordingly propose the whole nation system in China's future development strategy. The whole nation system originated from the former Soviet Union, later introduced to our country, and has become competitive sports management system with Chinese characteristics. Its main features are: government performs virtually all management powers engaged in the overall management; the country bears most of the economic obligations, dominated by planning mechanisms; administrative method is the primary management means. Thus it is typical government managed system. New China since its establishment, whole nation systems consistent with China's contemporary political and economic system play high efficiency. While after China's reform and opening up, with the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it increasingly shows the unsuitability for the national economic system, especially curbs the enthusiasm of social participation in sports, because it is too high to strengthen the powers of the government, thus hindering the development of sports. Drawing on the advanced experience from the world powerful nation in competitive sports combined with Chinese facts, China's whole nation system has many drawbacks, but whole nation system has its necessity. At present, our country's competitive sports development mode reform should focus on how to perfect and innovate the whole nation system.