RETRACTED: The inhibitive effect of sh-HIF1A-AS2 on the proliferation, invasion, and pathological damage of breast cancer via targeting miR-548c-3p through regulating HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in vitro and vivo (Retracted Article)

Background: Breast cancer (BC) has been the commonest malignant tumor with a low survival rate among woman. Long non-coding RNA hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha antisense RNA-2 (HIF1A-AS2) was correlated with various cancers. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the roles and related underlying molecular mechanisms of HIF1A-AS2 in BC. Material and methods: Target relationships were speculated by Targetscan 7.0 and confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. Proteins levels were monitored by RT-qPCR, Western blot and immtmohistochemistry assays. CCK-8 assay, SA-beta-gal staining and transwell assay were used to detect proliferation, senescence and invasion, respectively. Xenograft nude mice were put into use to evaluate the tumor growth and motility. Results: The present study exhibited that HIFI A-AS2 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) were upregulated while miR-548c-3p was downregulated in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, ZR-75-1, and BT-549 BC cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis showed HIF1A-AS2 and HIF-l alpha were two targets of miR-548c-3p, and the target relationship was further confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, knockdown of HIF1A-AS2 by shRNA (sh-HIF1A-AS2) markedly elevated miR-548c-3p level, and the enhanced miR-548c-3p noticeably suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and promoted senescence in vitro. In addition, overexpression of HIF-1 alpha promoted MCF-7 cell invasion. Intriguingly, low expression of HIF1A-AS2 reduced HIF-1 alpha/level by upregulating the expression of miR548c-3p. Furthermore, experiment in xenograft nude mice has indicated that sh-HIF1A-AS2 inhibited tumor growth and motility by targeting miR-548c-3p through regulating HIF-1 alpha/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway in vivo. Conclusion: The inhibitive effect of HIF-1 alpha/VEGF pathway by sh-HIF1A-AS2 through targeting rniR-548c-3p plays crucial regulatory roles in BC. Therefore, designing targeted drugs against HIF1A-AS2 provides a new direction for the treatment of BC.