Interventional Radiological Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Update

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the commonest primary liver tumor and its incidence is on an increase. Transplantation and surgical resection are the gold standard curative treatment options but less than 20% patients are surgical candidates because of advanced liver disease and/or co-morbidities. Various interventional radiological procedures have been developed and intensively investigated for treatment of inoperable HCC. This review summarizes the various interventional radiological treatments in HCC including patient selection, procedural considerations and response evaluation. Transarterial chemoembolization, radioembolization and radiofrequency ablation are mainly discussed.