When introduced prey violates trophic hierarchy: Conservation of an endangered predator

被引:4
|
作者
Kim, Richard [1 ,2 ]
Halstead, Brian J. [1 ]
Routman, Eric J. [2 ]
Andersen, Julie [3 ]
机构
[1] US Geol Survey, WERC Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA
[2] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA
[3] Midpeninsula Reg Open Space Dist, 330 Distel Circle, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA
关键词
Endangered species; Invasive species management; Intraguild predation; Diet pattern; Demography; SAN-FRANCISCO GARTERSNAKE; INVASIVE SPECIES REMOVAL; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; COEXISTENCE; POPULATION; BULLFROGS; DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPETITION; SURVIVAL;
D O I
10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109019
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Introduced species often disrupt established food webs, but some native predators can come to rely on introduced prey. Understanding the net effects of the non-natives on imperiled predators is crucial for planning conservation measures. The invasive American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) can be prey, predator, and competitor for the critically endangered San Francisco garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia). We examined the seasonal prey use of a San Francisco garter snake population that co-occurs with American bullfrogs to examine intraguild predation between these species. Juvenile and adult snakes mainly consumed native anurans instead of American bullfrogs, and this diet pattern peaked in spring, a critical foraging period for the snakes. In spring, large adult American bullfrogs also foraged heavily on native anurans and displayed a high degree of diet overlap with San Francisco garter snakes. Invasive American bullfrogs are detrimental to San Francisco garter snakes mainly through seasonal competition rather than reciprocal predation. Removal of invasive species provided further evidence that eliminating American bullfrogs can benefit San Francisco garter snakes by reducing predation pressure on their shared amphibian prey. Better understanding the interactions of invasive species with native species of conservation concern informs management practices and improves conservation outcomes.
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页数:12
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