INNOVATIVE ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AS A TOOL TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF ELECTRICITY WITHIN THE INTELLIGENT DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL PROGRAMME

Modem energy sources such as wind energy or solar radiation are characterised by unstable electricity production, so the use of electrochemical energy storage is becoming more and more common and the associated technology development is very dynamic. For the presented sources there is a close correlation between the amount of energy produced and seasonal weather conditions prevailing at the site of the power plant. Therefore, these are measurable premises in which the accumulation of temporary energy surpluses would increase the quality of supply to end users. Another aspect is the growing interest in electric and hybrid vehicles, where the main problem is the accumulation of energy in the vehicle, access to the power supply infrastructure and charging the vehicle with electric energy, ensuring the comfort of travel. In view of the above, it can be concluded that one of the elements posing a huge challenge to the world of science and industry today is the storage of electricity. The first experiments with energy storage took place in 1880 in New York. Lead-acid batteries were used. Along with the industrial development, electricity storage technologies, such as "The Energy Star", have been developing: -Direct storage in electric and magnetic fields; - intermediate storage -use of electric energy conversion into e.g. chemical, kinetic or potential energy.