Lion Algorithm with Levy Update: Load frequency controlling scheme for two-area interconnected multi-source power system

In an interconnected multi-area power system, Load Frequency Control (LFC) is a main challenging problem. This paper presents the Fractional Order Proportional Integral (FOPI) controller for an interconnected two-area power system, wherein each area has multi-source power systems. The gains of the proposed controller are being optimized by Lion Algorithm (LA), utilizing an integral square error (ISE) criterion, to develop the proposed Lion with Levy Update-based FOPI controller (LLUFOPI). The proposed LA schedules the gain of the LLUFOPI controller by achieving the least possible error. Hence, the LLUFOPI controller assures better LFC in the two-area interconnected power system. The performance of the proposed controller is assessed by considering the practical constraints in power system such as Generation Rate Constraints (GRC), communication delay, AC/DC link, step load variation and Capacitive Energy Storage (CES) device. Finally, the simulation results show that the LLUFOPI controller provides a well- optimized gain that is 89% higher than the other algorithms with better stability. The Integral Square Error (ISE) value of the proposed controller is 81.1% lesser than the other algorithms. Better LFC in the two-area multi-source-interconnected power system is hence achieved with minimum ISE.