Lack of Involvement of the GNAS1 T393C Polymorphism in Prostate Cancer Risk in a Japanese Population

Background: GNAS1 encodes the a-subunit of the G(s) protein (G(s alpha) which binds GTP and stimulates adenylyl cyclase. Activating mutations lead to somatotroph, thyroid, adrenal and gonadal adenomas or the McCune-Albright syndrome and recently the T399C polymorphism in GNAS1 has been reported to be associated with malignancies. The purpose of the present case-control study with 349 Japanese prostate cancer patients and 203 urological controls was to determine whether the GNAS1 T393C polymorphism is associated with prostate cancer risk. Materials and Methods: The GNAS1 T393C polymorphism was examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted for age using multiple logistic regression analysis with SPSS Medical Pack. Results: The allele frequencies were compatible with the control population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with 80, 169 and 100 for GNAS1 C/C, C/T and TIT, respectively in the patients with prostate cancer, compared with 42, 94 and 67 in the controls. No association between the GNAS1 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk was apparent. The C/C genotype was more frequent among the prostate cancer patients (22.9%) than the controls (20.7%), although without significance (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.80-2.12; p=0.29). Conclusion: This pilot stud), does not support involvement of the GNAS1 polymorphism in prostate cancer risk.