[1] Yale Univ, Thorac Surg Sect, Dept Surg, Sch Med, POB 208062, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
[2] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Natl Clinician Scholars Program, New Haven, CT USA
[3] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Canc Outcomes Publ Policy & Effectiveness Res COP, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[4] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Sect Cardiovasc Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[5] Yale Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, New Haven, CT USA
[6] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, New Haven, CT USA