Conception and Linguistic Means of Representation and Knowledge Processing at the Semantic Level

-The requirements that knowledge representation languages must meet are determined. It is concluded that the reasons for the failures of previous projects within the knowledge-based systems paradigm are the lack of knowledge representation languages focused on processing knowledge expressed in a conceptual form. The main elements of the system are the knowledge base, the database, and the inference machine. Facts are stored in a database in the form of a network of instances of concepts; universal knowledge is presented in the form of an ontology of the domain area, consisting of a set of definitions of concepts, integrity conditions, and rules. The tools of ontology definition allow solving the problem of describing the semantics of concepts using the concept model of the representation/content type, which allows representing and processing information at the semantic level. The advantage of the proposed approach is the possibility of using the same language for entering not only facts and queries but also for defining concepts and rules.