Enhanced cross-recognition of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by peptide vaccine-induced antibodies

被引:3
|
作者
Aparicio, Belen [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Ruiz, Marta [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Casares, Noelia [1 ,3 ]
Silva, Leyre [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Egea, Josune [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Perez, Patricia [4 ,5 ]
Albericio, Guillermo [4 ]
Esteban, Mariano [4 ]
Garcia-Arriaza, Juan [4 ,5 ]
Lasarte, Juan J. [1 ,3 ]
Sarobe, Pablo [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Navarra, Ctr Invest Med Aplicada CIMA, Pamplona, Spain
[2] Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Pamplona, Spain
[3] Inst Invest Sanitarias Navarra IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
[4] CSIC, Ctr Nacl Biotecnol CNB, Madrid, Spain
[5] Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Infecciosas CI, Madrid, Spain
来源
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY | 2023年 / 13卷
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; peptide vaccine; Omicron variant; cross-recognizing antibodies; conserved regions;
D O I
10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044025
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Current vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, based on the original Wuhan sequence, induce antibodies with different degrees of cross-recognition of new viral variants of concern. Despite potent responses generated in vaccinated and infected individuals, the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant causes breakthrough infections, facilitating viral transmission. We previously reported a vaccine based on a cyclic peptide containing the 446-488 S1 sequence (446-488cc) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein from Wuhan isolate. To provide the best immunity against Omicron, here we compared Omicron-specific immunity induced by a Wuhan-based 446-488cc peptide, by a Wuhan-based recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) vaccine and by a new 446-488cc peptide vaccine based on the Omicron sequence. Antibodies induced by Wuhan peptide 446-488cc in three murine strains not only recognized the Wuhan and Omicron 446-488 peptides similarly, but also Wuhan and Omicron RBD protein variants. By contrast, antibodies induced by the Wuhan recombinant RBD vaccine showed a much poorer cross-reactivity for the Omicron RBD despite similar recognition of Wuhan and Omicron peptide variants. Finally, although the Omicron-based 446-488cc peptide vaccine was poorly immunogenic in mice due to the loss of T cell epitopes, co-immunization with Omicron peptide 446-488cc and exogenous T cell epitopes induced strong cross-reactive antibodies that neutralized Omicron SARS-CoV-2 virus. Since mutations occurring within this sequence do not alter T cell epitopes in humans, these results indicate the robust immunogenicity of 446-488cc-based peptide vaccines that induce antibodies with a high cross-recognition capacity against Omicron, and suggest that this sequence could be included in future vaccines targeting the Omicron variant.
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页数:9
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