Multi-stakeholder perspectives on sustainability transitions in the cosmetic industry

A compelling sustainability vision has shaped today's industries worldwide, including the fast-growing cosmetics sector. Sustainability issues have become even more challenging in a developing country because of greater economic inequalities and regulatory weaknesses. However, with the lack of empirical and holistic evidence in this specific context, this research aims to understand business and policy perspectives on sustainability tran-sitions in Thailand's cosmetic industry where little has been investigated. This qualitative study conducted 12 semi-structured interviews with industry and policy stakeholders. A deductive content-analysis approach was utilized to extend the application of product life cycle thinking and circular economy to sustainability-related practices and policies. We found that multinational cosmetic companies pursue initiatives to improve sustain -ability dimensions more prominently and holistically as part of their corporate strategies. Meanwhile, local cosmetic companies still lack resources, a holistic understanding of life cycle impacts, and a full integration of sustainability into the core business. From a regulatory perspective, the lack of regulations for green cosmetics highlights the need for a total market approach in policy-making to encourage transparency in business practices and improve the role of trust in the relationship between producers and consumers. Policy recommendations include mandatory sustainability reporting, extended producer responsibility regulations for packaging, a directive on the communication of green claims, and financial incentives for green markets to facilitate sus-tainability transitions for the cosmetic industry.