Effect of Vitamin A, C, and D on improving intramuscular fat in Hanwoo beef cattle Review

Intramuscular fat (IMF) or marbling is commonly used for carcass quality. High IMF was already innate in Hanwoo cattle and was increased with the help of vitamin restriction or administration. Throughout the years, research focused on preadipocyte hyperplasia which helped in the proliferation of intramuscular adipocytes and genes that were responsible for preadipocyte proliferation were enhanced with the administration of vitamin A. Its supplementation in its early stages and restriction in the late stages increased the efficiency of IMF proliferation. When it comes to the supplementation of Vitamin C, the potential it has in improving the fatty acid profile of Hanwoo steers through different modes of administration. On the other hand, varying results regarding the administration of vitamin D suggested that more studies should be conducted before full implementation. Climate, age, dosage, risks, mode of administration, stage of life, efficacy when administered, and fusion with newer technologies should be considered when conducting further studies of these vitamins. Personal preferences, customs, tampering, and purchasing powers were some of the challenges that the Hanwoo cattle producers and consumers should surpass with the help of the improvement in marbling.