2D and 3D Wear Analysis of 3D Printed and Prefabricated Artificial Teeth

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the 3-body wear of prefabricated and 3D-printed artifi-cial denture teeth.Materials and methods: Four groups of artificial teeth were used; 3D-printed polymethylmetha-crylate (PMMA) teeth (PR) and 3 prefabricated commercially available denture teeth: PMMA (Gnathostar, GN), PMMA (SR Orthotyp PE, SR), and Nanohybrid composite (SR Phonares NHC, PH). The 3-body wear test was performed using a steatite ceramic antagonist in a chewing sim-ulator with 750,000 cycles, temperature 23 +/- 2 8C, and force of 50 N. The abrasive medium was composed of ground millet seeds and white rice mixed with distilled water. The teeth were 3D -scanned before and after the wear test. The 3D images were assessed for teeth wear by measur-ing the volumetric (3D wear) and the vertical (2D wear) substance loss. The one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey post hoc test was used to statistically obtain the data analysis.Results: Maximum 3D wear was observed in the PR (51.05 +/- 4.53 mm3), followed by GN (20.22 +/- 6.29 mm3) and SR (12.12 +/- 6.29 mm3) artificial teeth. Minimum wear occurred in the PH teeth (6.24 +/- 0.87 mm3). The analytical differences amongst the groups were statisti-cally significant (P < .05) except between PH and SR teeth. For 2D wear measurement, the maximum was seen in the GN teeth (6.29 +/- 1.64 mm), followed by PR (5.04 +/- 0.83 mm) and then SR (4.53 +/- 0.87 mm). The PH teeth (3.09 +/- 0.68 mm) again showed minimum wear. Sta-tistically, amongst the groups, the major observable differences (P < .05) were between PH and GN, PH and PR, and SR and GN. Conclusions: Composite resin teeth had a greater wear resistance than acrylic resin teeth and 3D-printed resin teeth, both of which were comparable. Due to the advancement of digital workflows, manufacturers should devote effort to enhancing 3D-printed teeth. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of FDI World Dental Federation. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)