Effect of ultrasonic and sonic instrumentation on shear bond strength of resin composite to enamel: An in vitro study

Purpose: To assess and compare the effects of sonic and ultrasonic instrumentation on shear bond strength (SBS) and investigate the influence of adhesive system application modes (etch&rinse/self-etch) on SBS. Methods: In this experimental study, 45 extracted sound human molars were selected. Mesial and distal surfaces of the teeth were abraded until 90 smooth enamel surfaces were obtained. Specimens were divided into two groups, with half (N= 45) conditioned in etch&rinse mode and the remaining (N= 45) in self-etch mode using Tetric N Bond Universal. Composite resin discs were produced on these surfaces by filling Teflon molds. All specimens were aged via thermocycling. Each group was further divided into three more groups (n= 15) according to the type of periodontal instrumentation (ultrasonic, sonic or none). SBS values were recorded and analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Fracture sites were examined under a stereomicroscope. Results: The type of periodontal instrumentation had no significant effect on SBS values, whether sonic, ultrasonic or their absence (P= 0.945). The type of adhesive system mode had a significant influence on the shear bond strength values. Etch&rinse groups had significantly higher shear bond strength values than self-etch groups (P< 0.001).