Multi-objective time-energy-impact optimization for robotic excavator trajectory planning

Single-objective optimal trajectory cannot adapt to the complex requirements of excavator construction. A comprehensive optimal trajectory planning method is proposed to optimize the working time, energy consumption, and operational impact of robotic excavators. Without fusing any performance indexes, a normalized multi-objective function and an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm are established to achieve a comprehensive optimization of multiple objectives, while considering joint angle, velocity, acceleration, and quadratic acceleration constraints. Typical deep pit excavation simulation and experimental results show that the multi-objective optimization method is feasible, can balance multi-objective constraints, and can avoid falling into extremely long working times or large impacts. This method offers a more efficient and effective solution for multi-objective trajectory planning and provides a method for planning excavation trajectories based on different operating scenarios and objectives.