Critically appraising and utilising qualitative health research evidence in nutrition practice

BackgroundEvidence-based decision-making and practice recommendations are commonly based on findings from quantitative studies or reviews. In the present study, we provide an overview of how to incorporate findings from qualitative research into the evidence-based decision-making process.MethodsTo illustrate how qualitative evidence can be integrated into the decision-making process, we have outlined a clinical nutrition scenario and the process for sourcing credible evidence to inform decision-making. A qualitative health research study was selected and appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP) appraisal tool for qualitative research. Based on the results of the critical appraisal, the study quality is considered, and we discuss whether the qualitative evidence can be applied to practice.ResultsA detailed description of how the qualitative findings can be used conceptually and instrumentally in practice to address the clinical nutrition scenario is provided.ConclusionsDeveloping skills in critically appraising findings from qualitative studies will increase awareness and utilisation of this type of evidence in practice and policy, with a goal to ensure that patient/client perceptions are considered, leading to enhanced person-centred care or systems. Qualitative evidence can be utilised conceptually or instrumentally to inform decision-making in dietetics. Dietitians need to be skilled at appraising qualitative research for quality and applicability. Using a clinical nutrition scenario, the process for appraising a qualitative study and integrating this type of evidence into practice is outlined.image Evidence-based decision-making and practice is a vital component of dietetics, emphasising the integration of research evidence, patient values, clinical judgement and system processes.Qualitative health research plays a critical role in evidence-based dietetic decision-making and practice by providing insights into patient perspectives, experiences and context. Dietitians need to be skilled at appraising qualitative research for quality and applicability.To support the application of evidence in nutrition and dietetic decision-making and practice, a clinical scenario is presented with practical considerations provided for asking searchable questions, conducting the literature search and completing a critical appraisal of qualitative evidence.