Outpatient tricuspid regurgitation in the community: Clinical context and outcome

Background and aims: Epidemiology of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is poorly known and its burden in the community is challenging to define. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of TR in a geographically defined area and its outcome, in particular overall survival and hospitalization, considering different clinical contexts. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive outpatients referred between 2006 and 2013 for echocardi-ography and clinical evaluation. Patients with at least moderate TR were included and five different clinical settings were defined: concomitant significant left-sided valvular heart disease (LVHD-TR), heart failure (HF-TR), previous open-heart valvular surgery (postop-TR), pulmonary hypertension (PHTN-TR) and isolated TR (iso-lated-TR). Primary endpoint was a composite outcome of all-cause mortality or first hospitalization for HF.Results: Of 6797 consecutive patients with a clinical visit and echocardiograms performed in routine practice in a geographically defined community, moderate or severe TR was found in 4.8% of patients (327) . During median follow-up of 6.1 years, TR severity was a determinant of event-free survival. Analyzed for each clinical subset, eight-year event-free survival was 87 +/- 7% for postop-TR subgroup, 75 +/- 7% for isolated-TR, 67 +/- 6% for PHTN-TR, 58 +/- 6% for LHVD-TR and 52 +/- 11% for HF-TR.Conclusion: Moderate or more TR is a notable finding in the community and has impact on event-free survival in all clinical settings, with the worst outcomes when associated with relevant left-sided valvular heart disease and HF.