Research progress and flexible design of piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range

With the development of high temperature fields, such as automotive, petroleum, nuclear power and aerospace, piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range, as the core component of nondestructive testing and sustainable self-powered equipment used in these extreme environments, have become the hotspot of research in recent years. However, even the piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range owning excellent piezoelectricity and high temperature stability, the devices made of them could not have both flexibility and high-temperature resistance due to the embrittlement and hardness, resulting in the limitation in the application of high temperature precision operation and wearable health testing. Therefore, the flexible design of piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range, which can realize the preparation of high-temperature resistant, soft piezoelectric device and ultimately broaden the high temperature potential of device, become an important development direction for piezoelectric field. The research progress of piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range was introduced first in this paper, which includes materials (PZT, BT, KNN) used in the environment below 300 celcius and III-N material used in 500-1000 celcius. Then the flexible design technology was collected based on these materials, including direct-growth, growth-transfer and nano-composite. In the meantime, the influence of types of substrates or composite matrix on the high-temperature stability of final device was also analyzed.