Executive Functions and Their Relation to Academic Performance in University Students

被引:1
|
作者
del-Valle, Macarena V. [1 ]
Canet-Juric, Lorena [1 ]
Andres, Maria L. [1 ]
Urquijo, Sebastian [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Nacl Mar Plata, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
来源
PSICOLOGIA EDUCATIVA | 2024年 / 30卷 / 01期
关键词
Executive functions; Self-regulation; Working memory; Inhibition; Cognitive flexibility; Academic achievement; Funciones ejecutivas; Autorregulacion; Memoria de trabajo; Inhibicion; Alternancia; Desempeno academico; WORKING-MEMORY; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; COGNITIVE CONTROL; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; SELF-REGULATION; FRONTAL-LOBE; INHIBITION; FLEXIBILITY; DIVERSITY; UNITY;
D O I
10.5093/psed2024a2
中图分类号
G40 [教育学];
学科分类号
040101 ; 120403 ;
摘要
Academic performance, dropout rates, and low graduation rates constitute an area of concern in Latin American universities that has been the topic of various studies. Certain researchers suggest that some differences in academic performance could arise from interindividual variations in self-regulation mechanisms such as executive functions. Therefore, this study aimed to contribute to the investigation of the relationships between university performance and executive functions, specifically working memory, inhibition, and shifting. The study involved 196 students who completed the Reading Span Task, the Five Digits Test, and the Finger Task. Working memory, inhibition, and shifting exhibited a weak significant relationship with performance. Furthermore, additionally to age, socioeconomic status, and student work hours, inhibition and shifting accounted for 38% of the variance in academic performance. The findings provide a contribution to the understanding of this topic and to the discussion of previous contradictory findings. El rendimiento academico universitario, el rezago y las bajas tasas de egreso suponen un area de preocupacion en las universidades latinoamericanas que ha sido objeto de diferentes investigaciones. Algunos investigadores sugieren que determinadas diferencias en dicho rendimiento podrian surgir de diferencias interindividuales en distintos mecanismos de autorregulacion, como las funciones ejecutivas. Por ello, este trabajo se propuso contribuir al estudio de las relaciones entre el rendimiento universitario y las funciones ejecutivas, especificamente la memoria de trabajo, la inhibicion y la flexibilidad cognitiva. Se trabajo con 196 estudiantes que completaron la Tarea de Amplitud de Lectura, el Test de Cinco Digitos y la Tarea de los Dedos. La memoria de trabajo, la inhibicion y la flexibilidad presentaron una relacion significativa baja con el rendimiento. Ademas, junto con edad, nivel socioeconomico y horas que trabaja el estudiante, la inhibicion y la flexibilidad cognitiva, permitieron explicar el 38% de la varianza del rendimiento. Los resultados suponen un aporte al conocimiento de esta tematica y a la discusion de los hallazgos contradictorios previos.
引用
收藏
页码:47 / 55
页数:9
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