Intelligent Plagiarism as a Misconduct in Academic Integrity

Scientific research is based on the assumption of academic integrity and respect for ethical principles. However, plagiarism and other forms of misconduct have become problems that undermine the credibility of the scientific community. This has led to increasing awareness and attention to these topics nowadays. Plagiarism is a grave breach of academic and scientific ethics, involving the misappropriation, whether intentional or not, of another's idea or work without proper citation of the original source.1 It manifests in various forms and degrees of severity: from replicating small excerpts without citation, to the practice of 'salami publishing' - where a substantial work is dissected into smaller pieces for publication in different journals as distinct articles or outcomes. Incorrect bibliographic references, publication biases, and even publishing entire articles resulting from self-plagiarism or outright duplication are other forms.2 It is essential to note that non-literal plagiarism, or the practice of rephrasing ideas in an indirect manner Scientific journals play a vital role in the detection and sanction of plagiarism3: editorial offices have traditionally essentially relied upon chance detection by reviewers or editors to discover that submitted work had been previously published. Now, due to efficient search engines, online publishing, and software algorithms, journals increasingly use software that can efficiently scan thousands of manuscripts in seconds and match the submitted text to already published text. However, the emergence of advanced plagiarism masking techniques such as the use of automatic translators, the replacement of words and sentences, the use of manipulated or falsified images and diagrams, and even the purchase and sale of scientific publications through commercial services (paper mills) has become a worrying future trend. Technological advances and easy access to information have increased the opportunities for plagiarism through even more sophisticated and subtle methods. These include the use of pre-trained intelligent generative transformers or writing tools that enable On the one hand, we find Natural Language Processing (NLP) models that, among other things (virtual assistants, with Artificial Intelligence (AI). These models are focused on processing and understanding human language with the help of technologies that use algorithms to analyse, understand and produce texts. Regarding the latter5 it is unlikely that traditional plagiarism checkers can be used to detect this form of cheating, as the NLP model generates a unique AI-generated On the other hand, artificial intelligence (AI) covers a broader field than just language processing and understanding, center dot AI can be a useful tool in academic writing, helping to organize material, edit and/or revise, solve problems, make