Low-Cost Polyanion-Type Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Battery

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as important candidate materials for energy storage systems (EES) due to high Earth abundance and low cost of sodium resources. Among all cathode materials for SIBs, polyanion-type materials can provide high ionic conductivity and high structural stability, simultaneously, due to the 3D network structure. Their rich variety also provides more options for the commercialization of SIBs. However, the majority of polyanion-type materials are not suitable for commercialization due to either high costs or complex preparation process. Herein, low-cost polyanion-type materials that are suitable for the commercialization of SIBs are discussed. The latest developments of polyanion-type materials are overviewed. Furthermore, the challenges and countermeasures of polyanion-type materials are summarized. This review can provide valuable insights for the commercialization of polyanion-type materials.