A Comprehensive Review of Applications of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Agricultural Operations

Robots play a major role in solving problems, especially in the agricultural sector. The uses of agricultural automation and robotics have increased dramatically, which has solved the obstacles and complexities of fields such as agricultural operations from planting to harvesting, giving high effectiveness and efficiency in the fields. The review is divided into four sections: (i) various robotic agricultural processes, in which current robotic technologies in agriculture from planting to harvesting were investigated; (ii) types of robots used in agriculture such as aerial robots, ground robots, special robots, and multi-robot systems; (iii) a study of real applied projects that use agricultural robots, and (iv) Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques used in agriculture. The study shows that agriculture greatly benefits from robots because they save time and effort, enhance production rates, and reduce costs. The study recommends further improvement and development of agricultural robots, and this should be achieved by creating faster processing algorithms, improving communication between platforms and robotic tools, and advanced sensor systems.