Experimental investigating pure tungsten cathode behavior in argon AC-TIG welding

The non-consumable tungsten electrode plays a key-role in the tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process, governing the behavior of the electrical arc that is essential for generating the necessary heat in welding. This study is focused on varying of electric parameters in the purpose to identify the appropriate conditions that promote electrode integrity. The post weld cathode analysis revealed that both the input current intensity and its frequency affect the overall morphology and microstructural and mechanical performance of the refractory electrode. Noticeable physical alterations occur with increased current, leading to larger grains and a reduction in microhardness values. In addition, it causes apparent defects such as perforation and superficial deformation. However, applying higher frequencies mitigates these defects significantly. Based on these findings, it seems crucial to take into consideration the interactive effect of current applied and its frequency to ensure better electrode conservation, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the welding process.