The dual-risks context: A systematic literature review for the integrated management of flood and drought risks

Floods and droughts can cause severe impacts for communities. Even with different temporal and spatial scales, these extreme events challenge risk management specially when happening simultaneously, cascadingly or cumulatively over time. However, the number of articles that evaluates the joint occurrence (i.e., interplay) between floods and drought in the same area is still limited in literature. In this sense, this paper aims to evaluate what lessons we can learn from previous studies on both extreme events, and to identify the way forward for understanding floods-droughts interplay and risk reduction in the future. For this, we developed a literature review with articles from 2008 to 2021, aiming mainly to understand the "dual-risks" context internationally (n = 60). Articles are analysed with chronological, descriptive, and geographical factors, methodological aspects, main objectives, and risks interplay. Results show articles still focuses most on the single hazards approach, and when considering the risks interplay, they focus more on risk assessments rather than on assessing the context conditions of communities and their vulnerabilities. This study concludes by discussing the key elements for integrating floods and droughts, including the analysis of local conditions (i.e., social, political, cultural, and physical aspects) vulnerabilities, and the participation of stakeholders.