On the State of Usability for Lithium-Ion Batteries

被引:3
|
作者
Wett, Christopher [1 ]
Lampe, Joerg [1 ]
Hass, Jan [2 ]
Seeger, Thomas [3 ]
Turan, Bugra [1 ]
机构
[1] Koln Univ Appl Sci, Rhein Fachhsch, Vogelsanger Str 295, D-50825 Cologne, North Rhine Wes, Germany
[2] TH Ingolstadt, Esplanade 10, D-85049 Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany
[3] Univ Siegen, Inst Engn Thermodynam, Paul Bonatz Str 9-11, D-57076 Siegen, North Rhine Wes, Germany
来源
BATTERIES-BASEL | 2024年 / 10卷 / 02期
关键词
lithium-ion battery; state of usability; second life; recycling; safety; sustainability; CHARGE ESTIMATION; IMPLEMENTATION; MODEL; LIFE;
D O I
10.3390/batteries10020057
中图分类号
O646 [电化学、电解、磁化学];
学科分类号
081704 ;
摘要
Lithium-ion batteries are well established as traction batteries for electric vehicles. This has led to a growing market for second-life batteries that can be used in applications like home energy storage systems. Moreover, the recyclability and safe handling of aged or damaged cells and packs has become more important. While there are several indicators, like state of health (SOH), state of power (SOP), or state of safety (SOS), which describe the state of a battery before its defined end of life (EOL), there is no consistent classification methodology by which to describe the usability of a cell or pack after its EOL is reached. The proposed state of usability (SOU) provides a new indicator that accounts for the usability for second life, recyclability, and possible required safety handling of a lithium-ion battery after its first intended life cycle. This work presents a decision tree method, which in turn leads to five discrete usability levels enabling a fast and rough determination of the SOU for practical use. Further, a calculation methodology for reasonable continuous regions of the SOU is proposed. Both methods are based on a literature-based rating of all of the relevant defect and aging mechanisms displayed in a risk matrix. Finally, some experimental methods that can be used for SOU determination are proposed. The developed methodology and the hands-on approach using a decision tree are well-suited for real world application in recycling companies and battery test laboratories.
引用
收藏
页数:13
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