A new LSTNet-based temperature prediction model for permanent magnet

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) can effectively protect against demagnetization by accurate permanent magnet (PM) temperature prediction; nevertheless, due to the nonlinear properties and intricate internal structure of PMSMs, accurate PM temperature prediction methods still encounter difficulties. This paper proposes a new PM temperature prediction model (LSTNet-Improved) based on long- and short-term time series network (LSTNet) to increase the prediction accuracy of PM temperature. By adding a multi-scale convolutional (MSC) layer to the convolutional neural network (CNN) layer of LSTNet, the short-term detail-dependent information between PMSM variables can be obtained by the model, and adds a CNN skip (CNN-skip) layer in place of the gate recurrent unite skip (GRU-skip) layer to find the long- and short-term local repetitive patterns between the variables, which yields additional feature information. Furthermore, a nonlinear bias term (MNB) is added to the original multi-head attention layer in order to solve the complex nonlinear relationship between multivariate time series. These layers are applied after the CNN-skip layer and gated recurrent unite (GRU) layers, respectively. This allows the model to become more robust and automatically learn to the complex nonlinear relationship between the sequences, focus on the important feature information, and lessen the impact of redundant information on the PMs' temperature prediction task. The experimental results show that the goodness of fit (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of the proposed model are 99.93%, 14.55% and 9.45%, respectively, and compared with LSTNet, the R2 is improved by 0.09%, the RMSE and MAE are reduced by 7.03% and 6.51%. These results confirm that the model can correctly predict the PM temperature, efficiently extract both long- and short-term patterns among the variables of the PMSM, and effectively focus on the key feature information in the intricate nonlinear series.