the ark and beyond: The evolution of zoo and aquarium conservation

Zoos and aquariums are perhaps best known in society for their exhibition of wildlife collections and live animal presentations. However, zoological institutions are involved in additional activities such as animal research and education, providing visitors a stronger connection to animals and nature, advocating for roles in environmental protection, and, last but not least, conservation of endangered species with the option, if feasible, to reintroduce them into the wild. This study provides information not only about the origin of zoos and aquariums but also about their changing role in society. The review is based on the book The Ark and Beyond: The Evolution of Zoo and Aquarium Conservation, edited by Ben A. Minteer, Jane Maienschein, and James B. Collins.