An Innovative Tubular Thermoelectric Generator (TTEG) for Enhanced Waste Heat Recovery in Industrial and Automotive Applications

In response to the growing need for efficient energy conversion technologies, this paper introduces an innovative Tubular Thermoelectric Generator (TTEG), specifically designed for the high-efficiency conversion of waste heat into electrical energy. Unlike conventional flat-plate thermoelectric generators (FTEGs), the TTEG incorporates full-ring thermoelectric elements within a tubular layout, offering a novel approach to thermal energy recovery from fluid-based systems. This design significantly enhances the heat transfer capabilities, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion. Moreover, it is optimally tailored for integration into any cylindrical pipe to recapture and repurpose waste heat. Comprehensive simulations and analyses form the core of this study, where the performance of the TTEG is rigorously compared with traditional FTEGs. Under identical conditions of heat exposure, volume, and properties of thermoelectric materials, the TTEG demonstrates a 62.5% increase in output power compared to the TGM1-127-1.0-0.8 thermoelectric module (FTEG). These comparisons highlight the advantages of the tubular design in terms of energy conversion efficiency and practical applicability in various scenarios. The findings reveal that the TTEG not only outperforms its flat-plate counterparts but also presents a scalable and adaptable solution for waste heat recovery in a wide range of industrial and automotive applications. This research contributes to the field of energy science and technology by presenting a detailed experimental setup, complete with reproducible procedures and results. It opens new pathways for the development of more sustainable and efficient energy conversion systems, aligning with the goal of harnessing renewable and sustainable energy sources. The potential applications of this technology in enhancing energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact are vast, making it a significant step forward in the quest for clean and sustainable energy solutions.