Thermal behaviours of large scale lithium-ion battery for electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle application: a review

With the increasing demands for battery technology in the electric vehicle (EV) industry, a precise battery thermal management system can significantly improve the battery's performance while minimising loss and maximising efficiency. This article describes the thermal behaviour of large scale lithium-ion battery applicable for electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEVs). The necessity of a precise battery thermal management system (BTMS) is to maximise the efficiency of energy storage capacity, driving range, cell longevity and system safety which requires a better understanding on battery thermal distribution and behaviour. According to the requirements, this paper gathers the findings from available studies and highlights the influences of charge and discharge rate, state of charge (SOC), battery internal resistance, cooling system and thermal runaway on battery thermal distribution, behaviour and performance.