Modelling of PV sources & techno-economic of analysis of hybrid system for EV charging in residential buildings

In recent years, Solar energy have been proven to be a cost-effective method for generating electricity with minimum environmental impact. The main objectives of this research paper in to model the Grid Interactive PV sources and explore the possibility of charging EVs (Electric Vehicle) using Solar sources in a more significant proportion. In this paper energy demand of the residential flats of 2900 kWh and EV charging load (20 Nos of Two-Wheeler & 24 Nos of four Wheeler) of 576 kWh is considered for study. The five-storied residential apartment of 40 flats was considered for installing the rooftop Solar plant to supply the required energy to EVs and domestic loads.Research paper explored the possibility of charging the EVs during day time with high renewable fraction i.e. using Solar Energy and Night time through grid Energy. Optimization of Solar sources was done based on technical, cost, and environmental factors using the Solar Pro tool. The Solar plant was optimized to 150 kW, and the energy output from the PV plant under shadow conditions is estimated as 186,236.43 kWh. The performance of the PV plant at loading conditions was evaluated with & without shadow mapping and actual weather conditions prevailing at the site. Financial Feasibility of charging EVs during day time using renewable sources and night time using grid energy is estimated. Sensitivity Analysis of EVs Charging at Grid energy tariff of Rs. 3 (Purchase Price), Rs. 4(Selling Price) & Rs. 4 (Purchase Price), Rs. 5(Selling Price) was carried out and corresponding cost factors such as Bill Reduction, Selling Price & Buying Price was calculated.Load flow analysis of the complete system consisting of PV source, Grid sources, and Load (EV and building domestic loads) was performed using the MiPower tool. The line losses, line / cable loading, and voltage level of each bus at maximum loading (EV and domestic load) conditions were evaluated. Crude oil and CO2 reduction are evaluated by charging EVs using Solar Energy as 47,863 L & 95,353 kg, respectively.