Rare Pseudo-Chediak-Higashi Inclusions in Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes

Background: Defined as rare large azurophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, Pseudo-Chediak-Higashi granules mimic those in granulocytes cytoplasm of Chediak-Higashi syndrome. Rare cases of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues tumors showed Pseudo-Chediak-Higashi inclusions in cytoplasm, some of which presented with unusual morphol-ogical characteristics. Methods: Herein, we report the first case, in which rare pseudo-Chediak-Higashi inclusions were observed in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (t-AML-MRC). Results: The rare pseudo-Chediak-Higashi inclusions may be positive for Sudan black, and some scholars think that these rare inclusions are a kind of dysgranulopoiesis. Conclusions: The case highlights the significance of an integrated diagnostic work-up, with an interesting effect for morphology.