In-silico Investigations for the Identification of Novel Inhibitors Targeting Hepatitis C Virus RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase

Background: Hepatitis C is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus, exhibiting acute and chronic manifestations with severity ranging from mild to severe and lifelong illnesses leading to liver cirrhosis and cancer. According to the World Health Organization's global estimates, a population of about 58 million have chronic hepatitis C virus infection, with around 1.5 million new infections occurring every year.Objective: The present study aimed to identify novel molecules targeting the Hepatitis C viral RNA Dependent RNA polymerases, which play a crucial role in genome replication, mRNA synthesis, etc.Methods: Structure-based virtual screening of chemical libraries of small molecules was done using AutoDock/Vina. The top-ranking pose for every ligand was complexed with the protein and used for further protein-ligand interaction analysis using the Protein-ligand interaction Profiler. Molecules from virtual screening were further assessed using the pkCSM web server. The protein-ligand interactions were further subjected to molecular dynamics simulation studies to establish dynamic stability.Results: Molecular docking-based virtual screening of the database of small molecules, followed by screening based on pharmacokinetic and toxicity parameters, yielded eight probable RNA Dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors. The docking scores for the proposed candidates ranged from -8.04 to -9.10 kcal/mol. The potential stability of the ligands bound to the target protein was demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulation studies.Conclusion: Data from exhaustive computational studies proposed eight molecules as potential anti-viral candidates, targeting Hepatitis C viral RNA Dependent RNA polymerases, which can be further evaluated for their biological potential.