An Analysis of Plant Diseases on Detection and Classification: From Machine Learning to Deep Learning Techniques

Plants are acknowledged as being crucial because they are the main source of human energy generation due to their nutritional, therapeutic, and other benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to increase crop productivity. One of these significant factors contributing to reduced agricultural yields is the prevalence of bacterial, fungal, and viral illnesses. Applying techniques for plant disease identification can stop and treat these diseases. So, numerous machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods were created and tested by researchers to identify plant diseases. Therefore, this study gives a detailed discussion of the various research studies conducted in plant disease detection utilizing ML and DL-based techniques. This review offers research advancements in plant disease recognition from ML to DL techniques. Additionally, many datasets about plant diseases are thoroughly examined. It also addresses the difficulties and issues with the current systems.