Management of Ureteric Complication in Renal Transplant Recipients at a Tertiary Care Center: A Retrospective Study

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the patients undergoing renal transplants for urological complications and their management.Materials and Methods: A total of 239 renal transplant surgeries were done at our center between January 2021 and December 2021. Out of these 239 transplants, 196, 14, and 29 were ABO-compatible, swap, and ABO-incompatible, respectively. Clinical signs and symptoms, kidney function tests, ultrasound whole abdomen, computed tomography (CT) abdomen/CT urography, magnetic resonance imaging pelvis, and retrograde pyelography helped to diagnose and assess the severity of ureteric complications. These complications that occurred either in the early postoperative period or in follow-up were analyzed retrospectively. The severity of symptoms, patient status and grading, and type of complication determined the modality that would be used to treat the patients.Results: Out of 239 patients who underwent a kidney transplant, 10 (4.18%) cases developed ureteric complications. The variables that showed a significant statistical difference for the development of ureteric stenosis were older female donors, inferior polar artery, diabetic donors, and prolonged cold ischemia time.Conclusion: Ureteric complications can occur following renal transplantation. This can be reduced by minimally handling the ureter during graft removal and carefully anastomosing it to the bladder. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention increase the chances of graft and patient survival.