One pot multicomponent synthesis of highly substituted imidazoles using tetrabutylammonium peroxy disulfate as a catalyst

A fascinating trend in the synthesis of heterocyclic molecules is focused on green chemistry, including efficient reactions and the use of eco-friendly reagents to meet the demands of the pharmaceutical industry due to its many biological activities. In our ongoing efforts to promote new synthetic strategies for preparing heterocyclic compounds in this study. In this work describes a method for the synthesis of tri- and tetra-substituted imidazoles using Tetra butyl ammonium Peroxy disulfate (TBAPDS) as a catalyst. The reaction involves a multi-component condensation of benzoin, aniline, ammonium acetate, and araldehydes in acetonitrile under reflux conditions similar to 2 to 3 h at 60-65 degrees C. Results found that optimized 20% mole ratio of TBAPDS catalyst to acetonitrile solvent resulted in excellent yields of the desired products (77-96%). The use of TBAPDS as a catalyst in this condensation reaction offers several advantages, including operational simplicity, cost-effectiveness, reusability of the catalyst, and high product yields. To confirm the structures of the newly synthesized compounds, various spectroscopic techniques were employed. Proton-NMR, C-13-NMR, FTIR, and mass spectra were used to analyze and characterize the chemical structures of the synthesized imidazoles. (HNMR)-H-1 data reveals that all aromatic protons were present in that at chemical shift value delta 6.92-7.89 ppm. Overall, the study highlights a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of tri- and tetra-substituted imidazoles using TBAPDS as a catalyst. The results suggest that this method holds promise for the production of these compounds, offering advantages such as cost-effectiveness and high yields.