The Empirical Analysis, Mathematical Modeling, and Advanced Control Strategies for Buck Converter

The DC-DC converters are essential in power electronics as they maintain a stable output voltage even when there are changes in input voltage and load current. This study introduces an advanced Proportional-Derivative (PD) compensator for buck converters. The compensator enhances stability and transient responsiveness by employing a unique modulation technique that has not been previously applied in this context. The proposed method entails applying an input of 28 volts, which yields an output amplification of 15 volts, even in the presence of interference. The small signal transfer function of the buck converter is meticulously derived, considering the converter's dynamic behavior to achieve exceptional results. The transfer function comprehensively explains the intricate relationship between the input and output voltages, providing the theoretical basis for our distinctive control approach. The MATLAB code accurately generates the Bode diagram of the buck converter by employing the small signal transfer function. The graph illustrates the frequency response of the converter, a crucial factor in enhancing the stability and quality of the output voltage. The proposed research is substantiated by mathematical data shown through several simulated figures, distinguishing it from conventional methodologies. The implemented research achieves the maximum efficiency exceeding 95% with a minimum ripple factor.