Excellent Mechanical Properties, Wettability and Biological Response of Ultrafine-Grained Pure Ti Dental Implant Surface Modified by SLActive

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of microstructuring plus a surface modification method, named SLActive, on mechanical properties and biocompatibility of coarse-grained (CG) titanium grade 2 by in vitro test. In fact, SLActive process is a developed SLA method. To investigate the effects of these two applications on coarse-grained Ti-gr2, this last was grain-refined by the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Afterward, SLA and SLActive methods were applied on coarse-grained (CG)-Ti grade 2, ultrafine-grained (UFG)-Ti grade 2, coarse-grained (CG)-Ti grade 4 and Ti-6Al-4 V alloy. Tensile test revealed that mechanical properties of UFG-Ti-gr2 were all developed up to those of Ti-6Al-4 V. Vickers microhardness test showed an increase in hardness of similar to 162% for UFG-Ti-gr2 compared to CG-Ti-gr2. Surface roughness test indicated the surface of UFG-Ti-gr2 as the roughest among others. The drop test registered an angle of similar to 0 degrees for all SLActive samples. MTT test represented the highest cell viability and proliferation for SLActive UFG-Ti-gr2 sample. As it was found out from results, the SLActive UFG-Ti-gr2 sample presented the highest potential, among other materials, to be used in dental implant production industries.