A retrospective analysis on fully homomorphic encryption scheme

Many researchers of cybersecurity have started a hunt for refining the data encryption models for real-life applications. The security and confidentiality of data over cloud as a third party is a big issue, to the users. To overcome this problem, the cloud uses some encryption methods for data security. The FHE, an unconventional technology provides unrivalled capabilities to perform computation on encrypted text to facilitate the secure computation for big-data analysis. The paper presents a review of existing standards of FHE schemes such as lattice-based, integer-based, LWE, RLWE, and NTRU. Various challenges need to be addressed are listed, to model the more competent, effective, and dynamic FHE model. The concepts that underpin these schemes are discussed, as are their performance and security concerns. The paper helps to understand the different hurdles that need to be overcome for real-life applications and helps to find the direction for their research for a better FHE scheme.