COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients in the United States

被引:0
|
作者
Faiz, Zohaa [1 ]
Quazi, Mohammed A. [2 ]
Vahil, Neel [3 ]
Barrows, Charles M. [3 ]
Ikram, Hafiz Abdullah [3 ]
Nasrullah, Adeel [4 ]
Farooq, Asif [5 ]
Gangu, Karthik [6 ]
Sheikh, Abu Baker [3 ]
机构
[1] Aga Khan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
[2] Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA
[3] Univ New Mexico, Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA
[4] Allegheny Hlth Network, Div Pulmonol & Crit Care, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 USA
[5] Texas Tech Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA
[6] Univ Kansas Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
基金
美国医疗保健研究与质量局;
关键词
COVID-19; HIV; mortality; prevalence; complications; United States; National Inpatient Sample; CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019; MORTALITY; INFECTION; PEOPLE; COHORT; DEATH;
D O I
10.3390/biomedicines11071904
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The concurrence of HIV and COVID-19 yields unique challenges and considerations for healthcare providers, patients living with HIV, and healthcare systems at-large. Persons living with HIV may face a higher risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection and experiencing worse clinical outcomes compared to those without. Notably, COVID-19 may have a disproportionate impact on historically disadvantaged populations, including African Americans and those stratified in a lower socio-economic status. Using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, we compared patients with a diagnosis of both HIV and COVID-19 and those who exclusively had a diagnosis of COVID-19. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were intubation rate and vasopressor use; acute MI, acute kidney injury (AKI); AKI requiring hemodialysis (HD); venous thromboembolism (VTE); septic shock and cardiac arrest; length of stay; financial burden on healthcare; and resource utilization. A total of 1,572,815 patients were included in this study; a COVID-19-positive sample that did not have HIV (n = 1,564,875, 99.4%) and another sample with HIV and COVID-19 (n = 7940, 0.56%). Patients with COVID-19 and HIV did not have a significant difference in mortality compared to COVID-19 alone (10.2% vs. 11.3%, respectively, p = 0.35); however, that patient cohort did have a significantly higher rate of AKI (33.6% vs. 28.6%, aOR: 1.26 [95% CI 1.13-1.41], p < 0.001). Given the complex interplay between HIV and COVID-19, more prospective studies investigating the factors such as the contribution of viral burden, CD4 cell count, and the details of patients' anti-retroviral therapeutic regimens should be pursued.
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