Low-carbon joint dispatch of integrated energy systems based on differentiated dynamic pricing mechanisms

World is facing the severe crisis of energy supply and great pressure of carbon emissions reduction. The development of an integrated energy system (IES) is a way to meet the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. To ensure the coordination of economic benefits of source and load sides in the low-carbon dispatch, an internal multi-stakeholder's joint optimal dispatch model of an IES considering differentiated dynamic pricing mechanisms is proposed. A joint optimization coordination center (JOCC) is established responsible for differentiated dynamic pricing and joint optimal dispatch of an IES. The JOCC sets the selling prices of electricity and heat from different sources by introducing the concept of additional carbon emission price of ladder-type for nonclean units. The JOCC is then responsible for the information interaction of the integrated energy operator (IEO) on the source side and the load aggregator (LA) on the load side. In addition, the JOCC sets the joint optimization objective function to determine the optimal dispatch strategy which realizes the coordination of economic benefits of source and load sides. CPLEX was used to solve the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. Case studies verified that the proposed joint optimal dispatch model of an IES considering differentiated dynamic pricing mechanisms can endow users with the right to choose energy from different sources and improve their enthusiasm to participate in integrated demand response (IDR), that realizes the coordination of economic benefits of multi-stakeholders on the basis of ensuring the low-carbon characteristics of the IES. Compared with the time-of-use pricing strategy, carbon emissions are reduced by 2.41%, wind curtailment is reduced by 49.31%, and the total cost of LA is reduced by 26.53%.