An Evaluation of Uni and Multidimensional Poverty Among Farming and Non-Farming Community

The study's basic intention is to explore Uni & multidimensional poverty (MDP) along with decomposition among the non-farming and farming community of Pakistan and its four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, KPK and Baluchsitan) using in Foster (Journal of the econometric society 1984) and Alkire & Foster (OPHI working paper 2007) indexing approach along with cross-sectional data of HIES/PSLM for last five years since 2010-11 to 2015-16. Temporal analysis of both measures portrayed that with a shorter time gap especially year or two, poverty reveals cross trend while with a wider time gap of 5 years poverty in uni-dimensional & multidimensoal aspect expose diminishing trend in overall Paksitan as well as across all four provinces in both communities. Finally, decomposition of the population by a group for uni-dimensional poverty demonstrates that Punjab and Sindh is the major contributor to overall poverty. Similarly, dimensional decomposition for multidimenisonal poverty (MDP) measure validate that education and health are major contributor to MDP, and reducing the individuals' deprivation in both these sectors are quite helpful to a quick lessening of poverty among both non-farming and farming communities in Pakistan and its four provinces. Therefore, to achieve MDG of complete poverty reduction till 2030, the governments must take emergency steps to improve education and health sectors, especially by increasing primary and secondary school education and reducing the female & child mortality rate by providing basic health facillites (proper pre and post natal consultation & immunization service) at their doorstep.