[1] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Ctr Long Term Care Res, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
[2] 100 Shih Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
[3] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Coll Nursing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
[4] Kaohsiung Med Univ Hosp, Dept Med Res, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
[5] Univ Dubuque, Dept Educ & Psychol, 2000 Univ Ave, Dubuque, IA 52001 USA