Parametric Analysis of Direct Energy Deposited 316 L-Si powder on 316 L Parts

LMD, an additive manufacturing technique, involves depositing projected powder using a laser beam that can be employed to either fabricate or repair components. Despite its capabilities, process feasibility assessment and choice of process parameters usually requires straightforward single track case studies. Some effects of process parameters such as laser power, powder flow rate or printing rate on printed single-track geometry are indeed critical to ensure the structural and metallurgical quality of the material produced. To identify the optimized process parameters, this study investigates an applicable robust strategy using single tracks to statistically investigate the process parameter effects on geometrical characteristics using a dedicated automated tool (named SAAMO). For different geometrical characteristics of the bead, the optimal process parameters are identified for a 316 L steel, enriched in Silicon. Particular focus is given to dilution analysis while an analytical disc model is used to correctly predict the geometries produced. Based on these findings, it is possible to provide high-quality deposition with needed deposition yield. The metallurgical bond between the produced material and the substrate is therefore optimal for structure build-up/reparation applications.