Vocal Fold Hemorrhage

Purpose of ReviewThis review summarizes the literature regarding vocal fold hemorrhage (VFH) in singers in order to provide an evidence-based approach to evaluation and treatment.Recent FindingsVFH is a common vocal injury which affects performers at higher frequency than non-performers. It usually resolves satisfactorily with voice rest. The presence of vocal fold varices increases the risk of VFH and especially of recurrence; these may be effectively treated with photoangiolytic lasers when appropriate. When treated appropriately, VFH does not appear to pose significant risk to subjective voice quality, vocal function, or vocational stability.VFH can be effectively managed with voice rest. Evidence supports the use of surgery to address identifiable bleeding sources following VFH. When appropriately treated, singers with VFH typically face no significant long-term voice sequelae or threat to career.