A novel hybrid reverse osmosis and flash desalination system powered by solar photovoltaic/thermal collectors

The paper proposes a validated analytical model for hybrid reverse osmosis (RO) and flash desalination systems powered by photovoltaic/thermal collector collectors. The thermal energy is utilized to increase the feedwater temperature, while the electrical energy is utilized to drive the reciprocating compressor/pump to supply the necessary pressures for the RO and flash desalination. The system aims to provide a solution for bottled water in remote areas and reduce the brine and power pollution from desalination systems. The performance of the PV/T collector, RO desalinated water flux and power consumption, and flash desalination unit drinkable water production are investigated under different weather and operating conditions, including solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, wind speed, feedwater temperature and concentration, and RO operating pressure. The analytical study reveals that solar radiation, feedwater temperature and concentration, and RO operating pressure have a significant influence on the system's performance compared to other conditions. Other factors, such as ambient temperature and wind speed, have a relatively small impact on the system's performance. Overall, the proposed system has the potential to provide a sustainable solution for bottled water in outlying areas and to reduce the environmental impact of conventional desalination systems.