[1] St Pauls & Vancouver Gen Hosp, Ctr Cardiovasc Innovat, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[2] Univ British Columbia, St Pauls Hosp, Ctr Heart Valve Innovat, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[3] Ramsay Sante, Hop Jacques Cartier, Inst Cardiovasc Paris Sud, Massy, France
[4] Providence Res, Cardiovasc Translat Lab, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[5] Ctr Heart Lung Innovat, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[6] Univ Lausanne, Dept Cardiol, Lausanne, Switzerland
[7] St Pauls Hosp, Ctr Heart Valve Innovat, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada