It has been reported that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the main innate immune receptors that recognize gram-positive pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The molecules can induce expression of the innate immune-related molecules that are essential against the bacteria. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a potential caries-associated pathogen, and innate immunity plays a key role in inhibiting its development and the progression of inflammatory responses. Recently, the roles played by TLRs against S. mutans and the induction of inflammatory responses were evaluated by several investigations. This review article discusses updated information regarding the roles played by TLRs and their potential therapeutic effects against S. mutans. (c) 2024 Codon Publications. Published by Codon Publications.
机构:
Yale Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunobiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USAYale Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
Rakoff-Nahoum, Seth
Medzhitov, Ruslan
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Yale Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunobiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USAYale Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
机构:
Hunter Med Res Inst, Prior Res Ctr Hlth Lungs, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Univ Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaHunter Med Res Inst, Prior Res Ctr Hlth Lungs, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Hansbro, Philip M.
Haw, Tatt Jhong
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Hunter Med Res Inst, Prior Res Ctr Hlth Lungs, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Univ Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaHunter Med Res Inst, Prior Res Ctr Hlth Lungs, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Haw, Tatt Jhong
Starkey, Malcolm R.
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Hunter Med Res Inst, Prior Res Ctr Hlth Lungs, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Univ Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaHunter Med Res Inst, Prior Res Ctr Hlth Lungs, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Starkey, Malcolm R.
Miyake, Kensuke
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Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Innate Immun, Tokyo, JapanHunter Med Res Inst, Prior Res Ctr Hlth Lungs, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW, Australia